Nchacha bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị mkpa na-akpata yavalvụmmebi. Ya mere, navalvụnchekwa, valve mgbochi corrosion bụ okwu dị mkpa ịtụle.
Valvụụdị nchara
Isi ihe kpatara nchara nke ọla bụ ire ere kemịkalụ na ire ere electrochemical, ebe ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla na-akpata ire ere nke ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla kpọmkwem.
1. Nchaji kemịkal
N'ọnọdụ na ọ dịghị ọkụ eletrik ọ bụla na-emepụta, ihe gbara ya gburugburu na-emeghachi omume ozugbo na ígwè ahụ ma bibie ya, dị ka nchara nke ígwè site na gas akọrọ dị elu na ihe ngwọta na-abụghị electrolytic.
2. Nchaji Galvanic
Ígwè ahụ na-ejikọta na electrolyte, nke na-eme ka electrons na-asọ, nke na-emebi onwe ya site na mmetụta electrochemical, nke bụ isi ụdị nchara.
Njehie nnu nke a na-ahụkarị dịka acid, njehie ikuku, njehie ala, njehie mmiri mmiri, njehie nje bacteria, njehie pitting corrosion na njehie nke ígwè anaghị agba nchara, wdg, bụcha njehie electrochemical. Njehie electrochemical anaghị eme naanị n'etiti ihe abụọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ kemịkalụ, kamakwa ọ na-emepụta ọdịiche nwere ike ime n'ihi ọdịiche njehie nke ngwọta ahụ, ọdịiche njehie nke oxygen gbara ya gburugburu, obere ọdịiche dị na nhazi nke ihe ahụ, wdg, ma nweta ike nke njehie, nke mere na ígwè nwere obere ikike na ọnọdụ nke efere anyanwụ kpọrọ nkụ efuola.
Ọnụego nchara valvụ
A pụrụ kewaa ọnụego nke nchara n'ime ọkwa isii:
(1) Na-eguzogide nchara kpamkpam: ọnụego nchara erughị 0.001 mm/afọ
(2) Na-eguzogide oke nchara: ọnụego nchara 0.001 ruo 0.01 mm/afọ
(3) Nguzogide ire ere: ọnụego ire ere 0.01 ruo 0.1 mm/afọ
(4) Ọ ka na-eguzogide nchara: ọnụego nchara 0.1 ruo 1.0 mm/afọ
(5) Nguzogide nchara na-adịghị mma: ọnụego nchara 1.0 ruo 10 mm/afọ
(6) Anaghị eguzogide nchara: ọnụego nchara karịrị 10 mm/afọ
Usoro itoolu nke mgbochi ire ere
1. Họrọ ihe ndị na-eguzogide nchara dịka ihe na-emebi emebi si dị
N'ime mmepụta ahụ n'ezie, mmebi nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ dị oke mgbagwoju anya, ọbụlagodi na ihe valvụ eji eme ihe n'otu ihe mkpuchi ahụ bụ otu, ntinye, okpomọkụ na nrụgide nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ dị iche, mmebi nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ na ihe ahụ abụghị otu. Maka mmụba 10°C ọ bụla na okpomọkụ dị n'etiti, ọnụego mmebi ahụ na-abawanye ihe dị ka ugboro 1~3.
Mkpokọta dị n'etiti nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmebi nke ihe valvụ ahụ, dịka ndu dị na sulfuric acid na obere mkpokọta, mmebi ahụ dị obere, mgbe mkpokọta gafere 96%, mmebi ahụ na-arị elu nke ukwuu. N'aka nke ọzọ, ígwè carbon nwere mmebi kachasị njọ mgbe mkpokọta sulfuric acid dị ihe dị ka 50%, na mgbe mkpokọta ahụ mụbara ruo ihe karịrị 60%, mmebi ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, aluminom na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu na nitric acid nwere mkpokọta ihe karịrị 80%, mana ọ na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu na ọkara na obere mkpokọta nitric acid, ígwè anaghị agba nchara na-eguzogide nke ukwuu iji belata nitric acid, mana ọ na-akawanye njọ na ihe karịrị 95% nitric acid concentrated.
Site na ihe atụ ndị dị n'elu, a pụrụ ịhụ na nhọrọ ziri ezi nke ihe valvụ kwesịrị ịdabere na ọnọdụ kpọmkwem, nyochaa ihe dị iche iche na-emetụta nchara, ma họrọ ihe dịka akwụkwọ ntuziaka mgbochi nchara dị mkpa si dị.
2. Jiri ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla mee ihe
Nguzogide nchara nke na-abụghị nke ọla dị mma nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụrụhaala na okpomọkụ na nrụgide nke valvụ ahụ emezu ihe achọrọ nke ihe ndị na-abụghị nke ọla, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ nwere ike idozi nsogbu nchara, kamakwa ọ nwere ike ịchekwa ọla dị oké ọnụ ahịa. A na-emepụta ahụ valvụ ahụ, bonnet, lining, elu mkpuchi na ihe ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nke ọla a na-ejikarị eme ihe.
A na-eji plastik dịka PTFE na polyether chlorine, tinyere roba eke, neoprene, roba nitrile na rọba ndị ọzọ eme ihe maka mkpuchi valvụ, a na-ejikwa ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ na ígwè carbon mee isi ahụ nke bonnet ahụ. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka valvụ ahụ sie ike, kamakwa ọ na-eme ka valvụ ahụ ghara ire ere.
Taa, a na-eji ọtụtụ plastik dịka naịlọn na PTFE eme ihe, a na-ejikwa roba eke na roba sịntetik eme ọtụtụ ebe mkpuchi na mgbaaka mkpuchi, nke a na-eji na valvụ dị iche iche. Ihe ndị a na-abụghị ọla e ji eme ihe dị ka ebe mkpuchi abụghị naanị na ha nwere ezigbo iguzogide nchara, kamakwa ha nwere ezigbo arụmọrụ mkpuchi, nke dabara adaba maka ojiji na mgbasa ozi nwere ihe ndị dị na ya. N'ezie, ha adịghị ike ma na-eguzogide okpomọkụ, a na-ejikwa ha eme ihe nke ọma.
3. Ọgwụgwọ elu ígwè
(1) Njikọ valvụ: A na-ejikarị galvanizing, chrome plating, na oxidation (acha anụnụ anụnụ) agwọ snail njikọ valvụ iji melite ikike iguzogide ikuku na nchara dị n'etiti. Na mgbakwunye na ụzọ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, a na-ejikwa ọgwụgwọ elu dị ka phosphating agwọ ihe njide ndị ọzọ dịka ọnọdụ si dị.
(2) Ịkpuchi elu na akụkụ ndị mechiri emechi nwere obere dayameta: a na-eji usoro elu dị ka nitriding na boronizing eme ka iguzogide nchara na iyi ya ka mma.
(3) Mgbochi ire ere: a na-eji nitriding, boronization, chrome plating, nickel plating na usoro ọgwụgwọ elu ndị ọzọ eme ihe nke ọma iji melite iguzogide ire ere, iguzogide ire ere na iguzogide abrasion.
Ọgwụgwọ elu dị iche iche kwesịrị ịdị mma maka ihe dị iche iche dị na gburugburu ebe ọrụ, n'ime ikuku, igwe mmiri na-efe efe na asbestos knockup stem, nwere ike iji chrome plating siri ike, usoro gas nitriding (anaghị eji ígwè anaghị agba nchara eme ihe): na gburugburu ebe obibi hydrogen sulfide site na iji electroplating, mkpuchi nickel phosphorus dị elu nwere arụmọrụ nchebe ka mma; 38CrMOAIA nwekwara ike iguzogide nchara site na ion na gas nitriding, mana mkpuchi chrome siri ike adịghị mma maka ojiji; 2Cr13 nwere ike iguzogide nchara ammonia mgbe emechara ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ, ígwè carbon nke na-eji gas nitriding nwekwara ike iguzogide nchara ammonia, ebe oyi akwa phosphorus-nickel niile anaghị eguzogide nchara ammonia, ihe gas nitriding 38CrMOAIA nwere ezigbo iguzogide nchara na arụmọrụ zuru oke, a na-ejikwa ya eme ogwe valvụ.
(4) Ahụ valvụ dị obere na wiil aka: A na-ejikarị ya chrome eme ihe iji melite iguzogide nchara ya ma chọọ valvụ ahụ mma.
4. Ịgbasa okpomọkụ
Ịgbasa okpomọkụ bụ ụdị usoro eji akwadebe mkpuchi, ọ ghọwokwa otu n'ime teknụzụ ọhụrụ maka nchekwa elu ihe. Ọ bụ usoro usoro ime ka elu sie ike nke na-eji isi iyi okpomọkụ dị elu (ọkụ ọkụ gas, arc eletriki, arc plasma, kpo oku eletriki, mgbawa gas, wdg) iji kpoo ma gbazee ihe metal ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla, ma fesa ha na elu ala a gwọchara nke ọma n'ụdị atomization iji mepụta mkpuchi ịgba, ma ọ bụ kpoo elu ala n'otu oge ahụ, ka mkpuchi ahụ wee gbazee ọzọ n'elu ala ahụ iji mepụta usoro ime ka elu nke oyi akwa ịgbado ọkụ sie ike.
Enwere ike iji otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ụzọ ịgbasa okpomọkụ mee ka ọtụtụ ọla na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na ha, seramiiki metal oxide, ihe ndị mejupụtara cermet na ihe ndị siri ike mee kpuchie ha na ihe ndị na-abụghị ígwè, nke nwere ike ime ka iguzogide nchara elu dịkwuo mma, iguzogide iyi, iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ, ma mee ka ndụ ọrụ dịkwuo ogologo. Mkpuchi ọrụ pụrụ iche nke ịgbasa okpomọkụ, yana mkpuchi okpomọkụ, mkpuchi (ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik na-adịghị mma), mkpuchi a na-egweri egweri, mmanụ onwe, radieshon okpomọkụ, ihe nchekwa electromagnetic na ihe ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche, iji ịgbasa okpomọkụ nwere ike ịrụzi akụkụ.
5. Agba ịgbasa
Mkpuchi bụ ihe eji egbochi mmebi nke ihe, ọ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa maka mgbochi mmebi na akara njirimara na ngwaahịa valvụ. Mkpuchi bụkwa ihe na-abụghị ọla, nke a na-ejikarị resin sịntetik, roba slurry, mmanụ ihe oriri, ihe mgbaze, wdg eme, na-ekpuchi elu ígwè ahụ, na-ekewapụ ihe na ikuku, ma na-emezu ebumnuche nke igbochi mmebi.
A na-ejikarị ihe mkpuchi eme ihe n'ime mmiri, mmiri nnu, mmiri oké osimiri, ikuku na gburugburu ebe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị emebi emebi nke ukwuu. A na-ejikarị agba na-egbochi mmebi eme ihe agba ...
6. Tinye ihe mgbochi nchara
Usoro nke ihe mgbochi nchara ji achịkwa nchara bụ na ọ na-akwalite polarization nke batrị ahụ. A na-ejikarị ihe mgbochi nchara eme ihe na ihe ndị na-ejupụta ihe. Mgbakwunye nke ihe mgbochi nchara na ihe ndị na-egbochi nchara nwere ike ibelata nchara nke akụrụngwa na valvụ, dị ka ígwè anaghị agba nchara chromium-nickel na sulfuric acid na-enweghị oxygen, nnukwu oke mmiri na-agbaze n'ime ọnọdụ ọkụ, nchara dị njọ karịa, mana itinye obere ọla kọpa sulfate ma ọ bụ nitric acid na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbochi nchara nwere ike ime ka ígwè anaghị agba nchara ghọọ ọnọdụ na-adịghị mma, elu nke ihe mkpuchi nchebe iji gbochie mbuze nke ihe, na hydrochloric acid, ọ bụrụ na etinyere obere oxidant, enwere ike ibelata nchara nke titanium.
A na-ejikarị ule nrụgide valvụ eme ihe dị ka ihe eji anwale nrụgide, nke dị mfe ibute nchara nkevalvụ, na itinye obere sodium nitrite na mmiri nwere ike igbochi ire ere nke valvụ site na mmiri. Ngwugwu Asbestos nwere chloride, nke na-emebi ogwe valvụ nke ukwuu, enwere ike ibelata ọdịnaya chloride ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri usoro ịsa mmiri na-esi mmiri eme ihe, mana usoro a siri ike itinye n'ọrụ, enweghịkwa ike ime ka ọ pụta ìhè n'ozuzu ya, ọ dabara naanị maka mkpa pụrụ iche.
Iji chebe ogwe valvụ ma gbochie ire ere nke ngwugwu asbestos, na ngwugwu asbestos, a na-ekpuchi ihe mgbochi ire ere na ígwè àjà na ogwe valvụ, ihe mgbochi ire ere mejupụtara sodium nitrite na sodium chromate, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri passivation n'elu ogwe valvụ ma melite iguzogide ire ere nke ogwe valvụ, ihe mgbaze ahụ nwekwara ike ime ka ihe mgbochi ire ere ahụ gbazee nwayọ nwayọ ma rụọ ọrụ mmanụ; N'ezie, zinc bụkwa ihe mgbochi ire ere, nke nwere ike ibu ụzọ jikọta ya na chloride na asbestos, ka ohere kọntaktị chloride na ogwe metal wee belata nke ukwuu, iji mezuo ebumnuche nke mgbochi ire ere.
7. Nchedo elektrọnik
E nwere ụdị nchekwa elektrọnik abụọ: nchekwa anodic na nchekwa cathodic. Ọ bụrụ na ejiri zinc chebe ígwè, zinc apụta na-emebi emebi, a na-akpọ zinc ọla ịchụ àjà, n'omume mmepụta, a naghị eji nchekwa anode eme ihe, a na-ejikwa nchekwa cathodic eme ihe karịa. A na-eji usoro nchekwa cathodic a eme ihe maka valvụ buru ibu na valvụ dị mkpa, nke bụ ụzọ dị ọnụ ala, dị mfe ma dị irè, a na-agbakwụnyekwa zinc na ngwugwu asbestos iji chebe ogwe valvụ ahụ.
8. Jikwaa gburugburu ebe obibi na-emebi ihe
Ihe a na-akpọ gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ụdị nghọta sara mbara abụọ na nghọta sara mbara, echiche sara mbara nke gburugburu ebe obibi na-ezo aka na gburugburu ebe a na-etinye valvụ na ihe na-agbasa n'ime ya, echiche sara mbara nke gburugburu ebe obibi na-ezo aka na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe a na-etinye valvụ.
Ọtụtụ gburugburu ebe obibi enweghị ike ịchịkwa, a pụghịkwa ịgbanwe usoro mmepụta n'enweghị usoro. Ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị emebi ngwaahịa na usoro ya, a ga-enwe ike iji usoro nke ijikwa gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka iwepụ oxygenation nke mmiri boiler, itinye alkali na usoro nchacha mmanụ iji gbanwee uru PH, wdg. Site n'echiche a, itinye ihe mgbochi corrosion na nchedo electrochemical nke a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụkwa ụzọ isi chịkwaa gburugburu ebe obibi na-emebi emebi.
Ikuku juputara na uzuzu, uzu mmiri na anwụrụ ọkụ, ọkachasị n'ebe a na-emepụta ihe, dịka mmiri anwụrụ ọkụ, gas na-egbu egbu na ntụ ntụ dị nro nke akụrụngwa na-ewepụta, nke ga-eme ka valvụ ahụ dị iche iche ghara ire ere. Onye na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị ịsacha ma hichaa valvụ ahụ mgbe niile ma na-agbanye mmanụ ọkụ mgbe niile dịka iwu nke usoro ọrụ si dị, nke bụ ihe dị irè iji chịkwaa nchara gburugburu ebe obibi. Ịwụnye mkpuchi nchebe na ogwe valvụ, ịtọ olulu mmiri n'ala na valvụ ala, na ịgba agba n'elu valvụ ahụ bụ ụzọ niile isi gbochie ihe ndị na-emebi emebi imebi.valvụ.
Mmụba nke okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi na mmetọ ikuku, karịsịa maka akụrụngwa na valvụ n'ebe mechiri emechi, ga-eme ka nchara ha dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, a ga-ejikwa ebe ọrụ mepere emepe ma ọ bụ usoro ikuku na oyi mee ihe dịka o kwere mee iji belata nchara gburugburu ebe obibi.
9. Meziwanye teknụzụ nhazi na nhazi valvụ
Nchedo mgbochi corrosion nkevalvụbụ nsogbu a tụlere kemgbe mmalite nke imewe ahụ, ngwaahịa valvụ nwere nhazi usoro ezi uche dị na ya na usoro usoro ziri ezi ga-enwe mmetụta dị mma n'ibelata nchara nke valvụ ahụ. Ya mere, ngalaba nhazi na mmepụta kwesịrị imeziwanye akụkụ ndị na-adịghị mma na nhazi usoro, na-ezighi ezi na usoro usoro na mfe ibute nchara, ka e wee mee ka ha kwekọọ na ihe achọrọ nke ọnọdụ ọrụ dị iche iche.
Oge ozi: Jenụwarị-22-2025
